Selected Resources on Columbia Basin Native Americans
Select a tribal territory to see related print resources. Not all tribal territories are linked.
"Plateau: Key to Tribal
Territories" Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited
by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. Used
with permission from the Smithsonian Institution and the Handbook of North
American Indians.
Select a tribal territory to see related print resources. Not all tribal territories are linked. Please note, territorial boundaries in this map represent generalized boundaries and should not be taken to represent authoritative boundaries of territory. Please consult "Northwest Coast : Key to Tribal Territories" Handbook of North American Indians. V.7: Plateau Edited by Wayne Suttles. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. p. ix.
Portion of "NorthwestCoast: Key to Tribal Territories" Handbook of North American Indians. V.7: Edited by Wayne Suttles. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. Used with permission from the Smithsonian Institution and the Handbook of North American Indians.
Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla: The Cayuse and
Umatilla and Walla Walla were groups whose pre-contact territory encompassed
parts of Eastern Oregon and Southeastern Washington. These groups
were heavily influenced by cultural elements of the Great Plains
and adopted cultural ideas and practices from that region. Stern,
T. "Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla." In Handbook of North
American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington:
Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 395-419.
Ruby, R. and J. Brown (1972) The Cayuse Indians: Imperial tribesmen of old Oregon. Norman, University of Oklahoma Press. E99 .C32 R8
Suphan, R. (1974). "Ethnological report on the Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Cayuse Indians relative to sociopolitical organization and land use." Oregon Indians II American Indian Ethnohistory: Indians of the Northwest. New York, Garland Pub. Inc. p. 85-180. E78 .O6 O7315
Chinookans: The Chinookan people consisted of the groups who lived in the area from the mouth of the Columbia River to the mouth of the Sandy River. The Chinookan groups are named after a language family, which had two dialects. The Chinookan peoples had a clearly defined system of social stratification. Silverstein, M. "Chinookans of the Lower Columbia." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.7: Northwest Coast Edited by Wayne Suttles. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. p. 533-546.
Boas, F. (1901). "Kathlamet texts." In Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology. Bulletin 26. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. E51 .U6 no. 26
Boas, F. (1894). "Chinook texts." In Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology. Bulletin 20. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. E51 .U6 no. 20
Boyd, R. (1996). "People of the Dalles : the Indians of Wascopam Mission : A historical ethnography based on the papers of the Methodist missionaries." Studies in the Anthropology of North American Indians. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. E99 .C58 B69 1996
Ray, V. (1938). "Lower Chinook ethnographic notes." University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, v. 7 no. 2. Seattle: University of Washington Press. E77 .W35 vol. 7 no. 2 1938a
Ruby, R. and J. Brown. (1976). The Chinook Indians: Traders of the Lower Columbia River. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Coeur d'Alene: The Coeur d'Alene are a group of people related to the Salish that occupied part of Northern Idaho. The group subsisted through hunting/gathering, though after the introduction of horses in the region, they did adopt buffalo hunting as a form of subsistence. Palmer, G. "Coeur d'Alene". In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 313-326.
Dozier J. (1961). History of the Coeur
d'Alene Indians to 1900. MA Thesis, University of Idaho: Moscow Idaho.
Fortier, T. (1995). Piercing hearts Coeur d'Alene Indians and Jesuit priests on the Columbia Plateau. Ph.D. Dissertation in Anthropology. Washington State University, Pullman.
Peltier, J. (1975). Manners and customs of the Coeur d'Alene Indians with some comparative studies. Spokane, WA: Peltier Publications.
Teit, J. (1930). "The Salishan tribes of the western plateaus." In U.S. Bureau of American ethnology. Forty-fifth annual report 1927/28. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. p. 23-396. E51 .U55 45th
Flathead and Pend d'Oreille: Flathead and Pend d'Oreille were two groups that were similar geographically and linguistically. The Pend d'Oreille were located mostly in the Western portion of Idaho while the Flathead were located in Idaho and Montana. Malouf, C. "Flathead and Pend d'Oreille." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 297-312.
Arlee J. (1998) Over a century of moving to the drum : Salish Indian celebrations on the Flathead Indian Reservation. Pablo, MT : Salish Kootenai College Press ; Helena, MT : Montana Historical Society Press. E99 .S21 A75 1998
Chalfant, S. (1974). "Aboriginal territories of the Flathead, Pend d'Oreille, and Kutenai Indians of Western Montana." In Interior Salish and Eastern Washington Indians II. New York: Garland Publishing Inc. p. 25-116. E99 .S21 I57 v.3
Fahey, J. (1974). The Flathead Indians. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Ronan, P. (1965). History of the Flathead Indians. Minneapolis, Minn., Ross & Haines. E99 .S2 R7 1965
Turney-High, H. (1937). "The Flathead Indians of Montana." Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, no. 48. Menasha, WI: American Anthropological Association. GN2 .A22
Kalapuyans: The Kalapuya were a number of groups, possibly 12, that lived mostly within the Willamette Valley. They shared some cultural similarities with the Chinookan cultures, who occupied territory North of the Kalapuyans. Zenk, H. "Kalapuyans." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.7: Northwest Coast Edited by Wayne Suttles. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. p. 547-553.
Hall, F. (1981). Indian Life in the Willamette Valley. Eugene, OR: E99 .K16 H34 1981
Mackey, H. (1974). The Kalapuyans: A sourcebook on the Indians of the Willamette Valley. Salem, OR: Mission Mill Museum Association. E99 .K16 M32
Kalispel: The Kalispel were a Plateau
culture that was divided into two groups, the Upper and Lower Kalispel.
Each group had distinct territory and form of social organization.
The territory of the Kalispel extended from Washington to Montana, the
current reservation is located in Washington State. Lahren,
Jr. S. "Kalispel." In Handbook of North American Indians.
V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian
Institution, 1998. p. 283-296.
Chalfant, S. "Aboriginal territory of the Kalispel Indians." In Interior Salish and Eastern Washington Indians III. New York: Garland Publishing Inc. p. 169-232. E99 .S21 I57 v. 3
Fahey, J. (1986). The Kalispel
Indians. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. E99 .K17 F34 1986
Return to top
Kootenai (Kootenay, Kutenai): The Kootenai were an indigenous group that occupied territory that extended from Canada to Montana in the United States. The Kootenai were divided into two groups, the Upper and Lower Kootenai, which were differentiated by their respective dialects and subsistence strategies. Brunton, B. "Kootenai." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 223-237.
Boas, F. (1918). "Kutenai tales, by Franz Boas, together with texts collected by Alexander Francis Chamberlain." Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 59. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. E51 .U6 no. 59
Fuller, E. (1974). "The Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation." In Interior Salish and Eastern Washington Indians III. New York: Garland Publishing Inc. p. 25-168. E99 .S21 I57 v.3
Johnson Weydemeyer, O. (1969). Flathead and Kootenay: The rivers, the tribes, and the region's traders. Glendale, CA: A. H. Clark Co. E99 .S2 J6
Smith, A. (1986). Kutenai Indian subsistence and settlement patterns, northwest Montana. Seattle, WA: Seattle District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Pulman, WA: Center for Northwest Anthropology, Washington State University. D 103.2:K 96/no.2/v.2
Turney-High, H. (1969). Ethnography of the Kutenai. New York: Kraus Reprint Co. GN2 .A22 no.56 1941a
Middle Columbia River Salishan: The Middle Columbia River Salishans represent a number of groups including the Wenatchee, Sanpoil, Southern Okanogan and others. The majority of these groups' territory was located in Western Washington. The groups are considered to have spoken different dialects of two related languages. Miller, J. "Middle Columbia River Salishans." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 253-270.
Pilling, J. (1893). "Bibliography of the Salishan languages." Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of [American] Ethnology Bulletin 16. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. E51 .U6
Ray, V. F. (1974). "Ethnohistorical notes on the Columbia, Chelan, Entiat, and Wenatchee Tribes." In Interior Salish and Eastern Washington Indians IV. New York: Garland Publishing Inc. p. 377-436. E99 .S21 I57 v.4
Ray, V. (1933). The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan peoples of northeastern Washington. Seattle, University of Washington press, 1933. E99 .S215 R3
Teit, J. (1930). "The Salishan tribes of the western plateaus." In U.S. Bureau of American ethnology. Forty-fifth annual report 1927/28. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. p. 23-396. E51 .U55 45th
Nez Perce: The Nez Perce are one of the most widely known Native American groups of the Columbia Plateau. The Nez Perce lived in parts of Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Montana. The Nez Perce were involved in prophetic movements and were active participants in the Prophet Dance of the Plateau. Walker, Jr. D. "Nez Perce." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 420-438.
Aoki, H. and D. Walker. (1989). Nez Perce oral narratives. Berkeley: University of California Press. E99 .N5 A56 1989
Josephy, A. (1965). "The Nez Perce Indians and the opening of the Northwest." Yale Western Americana series, 10. New Haven: Yale University Press. E99 .N5 J6
Lavender, D. (1999). Let me be free: The Nez Perce tragedy. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. E99 .N5 L37 1999
Walker, D. (1968). Conflict and schism in Nez Perce acculturation: A study of religion and politics. Pullman: Washington State University Press. E99 .N5 W3
Palouse (Paloose, Palus): The Palouse lived in an area that encompassed parts of Eastern Washington and North Eastern Oregon. The groups were Sahaptin people who participated in the seasonal round as a means to gather food resources. Sprague, R. "Palouse." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 352-359.
Chalfant, S. (1974). "Ethnohistorical report on aboriginal land occupancy and utilization by the Palus Indians." In Interior Salish and Eastern Washington Indians IV. New York: Garland Publishing Inc. p. 175-228. E99 .S21 I57 v.4
Trafzer, C. and R. Scheuerman. (1986). Renegade tribe : the Palouse Indians and the invasion of the inland Pacific Northwest. Pullman, WA: Washington State University Press. E99 .P22 T72 1986
Southern Coast Salish: The Southern Coast Salish were a series of groups that shared two Coast Salish languages. The groups occupied the area around the Puget Sound and subsisted through fishing and gathering resources. Suttles, W. and B. Lane. "Southern Coast Salish." In Handbook of North American Indians. V. 7: Northwest Coast Edited by Wayne Suttles. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. p. 485-502.
Southwestern Coast Salish: The Southwestern Coast Salish were four groups, the Quinault, Lower and Upper Chehalis, and Cowlitz, that lived in the area to the West of the Puget Sound. The groups all spoke related Salishan languages. Hajda, Y. "Southwestern Coast Salish." In Handbook of North American Indians. V. 7: Northwest Coast Edited by Wayne Suttles. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. p. 503-517.
Eells, M. (1985). The Indians of Puget Sound : the notebooks of Myron Eells. Ed. Castile, G. Seattle University of Washington Press. E99 .S21 E35 1985
Haeberlin, H. and E. Gunther. (1930). "The Indians of the Puget Sound." University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, v. 4, no. 1. Seattle: University of Washington Press. E77 .W35 vol. 4 no. 1
Olson, R. (1967). "The Quinault Indians: Adze, canoe and house types of the Northwest Coast. University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, v. 6, no. 1; v. 2, no. 1. Seattle: University of Washington Press. E77 .W35 vol. 6 no. 1
Smith, M. (1969). Indians of the Urban Northwest. New York: AMS Press. E51 .C7 vol. 36 1949a
Smith, M. (1940). "The Puyallup-Nisqually." Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology. v. 32. New York: Columbia University Press. E51 .C7 vol. 32
Suttles, W. (1987). Coast Salish essays. Vancouver: Talonbooks, Seattle: University of Washington Press. E99 .S21 S88 1987
Spokane: The
Eastern Portion of the Columbia River was home to the Spokane. The
Spokane were divided into three groups, consisting of the Upper, Middle,
and Lower groups. The three groups inhabited the same general portion
of Washington, Oregon and Idaho, though the Lower Spokane were probably
linguistically unrelated to the Upper and Middle groups. Ross,
J. "Spokane." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12:
Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution,
1998. p. 271-282.
Anastasio, A. (1974). "Ethnohistory of the Spokane Indians." In Interior Salish and Eastern Washington Indians IV. New York: Garland Publishing Inc. p. 143-174. E99 .S21 I57 v.4
Chalfant, S. (1974). "An Ethnohistorical report on aboriginal land use and occupancy by the Spokane Indians." In Interior Salish and Eastern Washington Indians IV. New York: Garland Publishing Inc. p. 25-142. E99 .S21 I57 v.4
Ruby, R. and J. Brown. (1970). The Spokane Indians: Children of the sun. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. E99 .S68 R8
Wynecoop, D. (1969). Children of the sun; a history of the Spokane Indians. Wellpinit, WA: [The Author]. E99 .S68 W9
Wasco, Wishram, Cascades: The Wasco, Wishram and Cascade groups were Chinookan people who lived along the Columbia River roughly from the mouth of the Sandy River in the West to outside The Dalles in the East. These groups subsisted mainly through fishing and gathering. French, D. and K, French. "Wasco, Wishram, and Cascades." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 360-377.
Sapir, E. (1909). "Wishram texts, by Edward Sapir; together with Wasco tales and myths, collected by Jeremiah Curtin and ed. by Edward Sapir." Publications of the American Ethnological Society 2. Leyden: Late E.J. Brill, 1909. PM101 .A5 vol. 2
Spier, L. and E. Sapir. (1930). "Wishram Ethnography." University of Washington Publications in Anthropology 3 (3). Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. p. 152-299. E77 .W35 vol. 3 no. 3
Suphan, R. (1974). "Ethnological report on the Wasco and Tenino Indians." In Oregon Indians II American Indian Ethnohistory: Indians of the Northwest. New York, Garland Pub. Inc. p. 9-84. E78 .O6 O7315
Western Columbia Sahaptins: The Western Columbia Sahaptins dwelled in the region between The Dalles and John Day Oregon. The Sahaptins were not a specific group but rather multiple groups who shared a language family as well as a general territory. Hunn, E. and D. French. "Western Columbia River Sahaptins." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 378-394.
Jacobs, M. (1934-1937). "Northwest Sahaptin texts Pt. 2. Northwest Sahaptin texts. 2 Pts Part 1: English; Part 2: Sahaptin." Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology 19 (1-2). New York: Columbia University Press. E51 .C7 vol. 19 pt. 1 and E51 .C7 vol. 19 pt. 2
Jacobs, M. (1929). "Northwest Sahaptin texts Pt. 1." University of Washington Publications in Anthropology 2(6). Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. p. 175-244. E77 .W35 vol. 2, no. 6, etc.
Spier, L. (1935). "The Prophet Dance of the Northwest and its derivatives: The source of the Ghost Dance." General Series in Anthropology I. Menasha, WI: George Banta Publishing Company. GN4 .G4 no. 1
Work, J. (1923). "The journal of John Work, a chief-trader of the Hudson's Bay Co., during his expedition from Vancouver to the Flatheads and Blackfeet of the Pacific Northwest. Edited, and with an account of the fur trade in the Northwest, and life of Work, by William S. Lewis and Paul C. Phillips." Northwest Historical Series 1. Cleveland: A.H. Clark Co. F1060 .W92 1923b
Yakima (Yakama) and Neighboring Tribes: The Yakima and their neighbors, including the Wanapam and Klikitat, were related groups that shared the same general geographic region as well as the Sahaptin language family. The groups all practiced the seasonal round, whereby groups traveled to areas that had abundant seasonal resources throughout the year. The Prophet Dance of the Plateau began among these groups. Schuster, H. "Yakima and Neighboring Groups." In Handbook of North American Indians. V.12: Plateau Edited by Deward W. Walker, Jr. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1998. p. 327-351.
Hunn, E. (1990). Nch'i-wána, "the big river" : Mid-Columbia Indians and their land. Seattle: University of Washington Press. E99 .S325 H86 1990
Pandosy, M. (1970). "Grammar and dictionary of the Yakama language." Gibbs, G. and J.G. Shea. trans. Shea's library of American linguistics 6. New York: AMS Press. PM2611 .P3 1970
Relander, C. (1956). Drummers and dreamers: The story of Smowhala the Prophet and his nephew Puck Hyah Toot, the last Prophet of the nearly extinct river people, the last Wanapums. Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers. E99 .W26 R4
Schuster, H. (1990). The Yakima. New York : Chelsea House.
Schuster, H. (1982). "The Yakimas: A critical bibliography." A Newberry Library Center for the History of the American Indian Bibliography Series. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Z1210 .Y3 S38 1982
Trafzer, C. (1992). "Yakima,
Palouse, Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Wanapum Indians: A historical
bibliography." Native American Bibliography Series 16.
Metuchen, NJ: The Scarecrow Press.
Columbia Basin Native Americans: University Studies Course Guide. Available:http://www.lib.pdx.edu/instruction/columbiabasin.html
American Indians of the Pacific Northwest. Library of Congress, American Memory Project. Available: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award98/wauhtml/aipnhome.html
Anthropology Internet Resources: Native American. Bannister, J. Western Connecticut State University. Available: http://vax.wcsu.edu/socialsci/antres.html#2
Anthropology in the News. Texas A&M Department of Anthropology. Available: http://www.tamu.edu/anthropology/news.html
Bureau of Indian Affairs On-line. United States Department of the Interior. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Available: http://www.doi.gov/bureau-indian-affairs.html
Center for Columbia River History. Available: http://www.ccrh.org/
Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. Available: http://www.critfc.org/
Digital Librarian: Native American resources. Anderson, M. Available: http://www.digital-librarian.com/nativeamericans.html
Ethnographic Studies Internet Resource Page. Library of Congress. American Folklife Center. Available: http://lcweb.loc.gov/folklife/other.html
Index of Native American resources on the Internet: WWW Virtual Library-American Indians. Strom, K. Available: http://www.hanksville.org/NAresources/
Indian Law Resource Center. Available: http://www.indianlaw.org/
Native American nations. Mitten, L. Available: http://www.nativeculture.com/lisamitten/nations.html
Native American resources: A GSSI research guide--American Cultural Series. Daw, M. Available: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/GSSI/natamergde.html
Pacific Northwest archaeology/anthropology links. Oregon, State Museum of Anthropology Research Division, University of Oregon. Available: http://oregon.uoregon.edu/~osma/links2.html
UCSB Department of Anthropology links directory: North America. Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara. Available: http://www.anth.ucsb.edu/links/pages/North_America/
Page developed
in December of 2000 by:
Reza Peigahi
Send comments to:
Reza Peigahi